Supplemental Appropriations

In addition to amounts provided in a regular appropriations measure, the President may request, and Congress may enact, additional funding for a fiscal year in the form of one or more supplemental appropriations measures (“supplementals”). Supplementals are used to provide funding where the need is too urgent to be postponed until enactment of the next regular appropriations bill, often in response to natural disasters, health emergencies, or national security requirements.

For example, in FY 2024, the Congress passed and the President signed HR 815 (text), making $95.3 billion in emergency supplemental appropriations for aid to Ukraine, Israel, Indo-Pacific/Taiwan, Gaza and other areas of humanitarian need, and including the TikTok/sanctions bill. The new law includes:

Israel-related aid, $16.5 billion (R-sum; D-sum; CBO estimate) includes: $5.2 billion for Iron Dome, David’s Sling, and Iron Beam defense systems • $4.4 billion to replenish defense articles and defense services • $2.4 billion for current U.S. military operations in the region in response to recent attacks • $3.6 billion in security assistance to Israel and partners in the Middle East • $400 million for the nonprofit security grant program at FEMA • $150 m for State and USAID • Provides additional flexibility for transfers of defense articles to Israel from U.S. stockpiles held abroad • Prohibits funds to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA).
Humanitarian Assistance for Gaza and other vulnerable populations, $9.15 billion.
Ukraine-related aid, $60.84 billion (R-sum; D-sum; CBO estimate) includes: $13.78 billion for Ukraine security assistance • $13.41 billion to replenish U.S. stocks • $20.5 billion for U.S. Armed Forces mission support • $9.5 billion in forgivable loans for economic support • $481 million for humanitarian services • $149 million to prepare for and respond to potential nuclear and radiological incidents • $26 million to continue oversight and accountability by the Defense and State Departments.
Indo-Pacific/Taiwan security aid, $8.12 billion (R-sum; D-sum; CBO estimate) includes: $3.3 billion to develop submarine infrastructure, including investments in dry dock construction • $2 billion in Foreign Military Financing Program for Taiwan and other key allies and security partners in the Indo-Pacific • $1.9 billion to replenish defense articles and defense services provided to Taiwan and regional partners • $542 million to strengthen U.S. military capabilities in the region • $133 million to enhance the production and development of artillery and critical munitions • Provides additional flexibility for Foreign Military Financing loans and loan guarantees.
Provisions added by the House (R-sum; CBO Estimate): TikTok (Prevent app store availability or web hosting services in the U.S. for ByteDance-controlled applications); Russian assets for a Ukraine Support Fund; Hamas, Syria, and Iran sanctions; and sanctions for Fentanyl trafficking.

FY 2024 Supplemental Appropriations:

[FY 2024] Supplemental Request 10/20/23: $106 b	11/2/23: HR 6126 passed 226-192 (Israel-only) 4/20/24: House passed 4 bills TikTok (360-58); Indo-Pacific aid (385-34); Ukraine aid (311-112); Israel aid (366-58).	2/13/24: Senate passed HR 815 70-29 ($95b Ukraine-Israel-Gaza-Taiwan aid bill) 4/23/24: Senate passed HR 815 as amended by the House 79-18.	House passed 4 bills on 4/20, and packaged the bills as an amendment to HR 815 for Senate consideration on 4/23/24.	Signed 4/24/24
[FY2024] Supplemental Request 06/28/24

Supplemental Appropriations by Fiscal Year:

(Click on the link below, select the appropriate fiscal year, and navigate on the blue bar to “Supplementals“)